SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF MALARIA IN THE WORKING AREA OF PUPUT PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES, WEST BANGKA

Abstract

Background : Malaria is a preventable and curable disease and yet more than one million people die from it each year. It is a disease that significantly affects the poor who have economic, social and educational deprivation. Malaria is also a disease that flourishes in conditions of crisis and population displacement (Oxfam, 2008). The Working Area of Puput Public Health Services is an ​​high malaria-endemic area with API 43.92 ‰ in 2011 and was the highest in the west Bangka district. The purpose of this study was to determine the major social determinants of health as risk factors of malaria occurance in the working area of puput Public Health Services at west Bangka district in 2012.

Methods: The design of this study was the unmatched case control with population based case-control and purposive sampling, respondents consisted of 58 cases and 58 controls selected from the reported malaria positive patients based on laboratory test results in puput Public Health Services in 2012. Data processed with SPSS 19 program. The statistical analysis was carried out by the chi-square test and logistic regression: a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Result : Variable that were associated with incidence of malaria is housing conditions (p=<0,001), Environmental conditions (p=<0,001), working conditions (p=0,001), habits going out at night (p=<0,001), malaria prevention behaviors (p=<0,001), health services (p=0,007) and migration (p= 0,004). There was no association between socioeconomic (p=0,266) with incidence of malaria. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables that are risk factors for malaria is the habit of going out at night (adjusted OR: 6,7; 95% CI: 1,6-28,4), environmental conditions (adjusted OR: 5,6; 95% CI: 1,2-25,5) and malaria prevention behaviors (adjusted OR: 4,1; 95% CI: 1,4-11,9).

Conclusion : Improve malaria control with increase education, use of insecticidal nets by people at risk, indoor residual spraying (IRS) with insecticide to control the vector mosquitoes, and policy on the provision of malaria drug to prevention in immigrant population. health insurance that covers immigrants.

Keyword: malaria, social determinants of health, social determinants of malaria, Puput west Bangka